3A3+(Group+4)

3A3 (Group 4)

Group Leader: Kwan Ren Xiang (3A3/16)

Group Members: Daniel Chin Wai Kit (3A3/) *Researcher* Linson Lai Kai Kiat (3A318/) *Researcher* Jared Choo Chak Meng (3A3/09) *Web Designer* Aloysius Goh Qing Quan (3A3/01) *Web Designer*

Discussion: Ren Xiang: Guys lets do this in this template. Im open to any changes should there be any disagreement How they were colonised? By whom? When?(just a brief explanation of her history) How they were treated. Factors contributing to anti-colonialism and nationalism Examples of nationalism(also, identify what kind of nationalisim it is) Major events that led to independence(with details and explanation) Thanks

Ren Xiang: Some info from Daniel(he can't post) please help break it down and extract the main points

The Brunei Empire had its golden age from the 15th to the 17th centuries, when its control extended over the entire island of Borneo and north into the Philippines.
 * Brunei was particularly powerful under the fifth sultan, Bolkiah (1473-1521), who was famed for his sea exploits and even briefly captured Manila; and under the ninth sultan, Hassan (1605-19), who fully developed an elaborate Royal Court structure, elements of which remain.

Ren Xiang: Courtesy of Daniel again: After Sultan Hassan, Brunei entered a period of decline, due to internal battles over royal succession as well as the rising influences of European colonial powers in the region, that, among other things, disrupted traditional trading patterns, destroying the economic base of Brunei and many other Southeast Asia sultanates.

Ren Xiang: In 1959, a new constitution was written declaring Brunei a self-governing state, while its foreign affairs, security, and defense remained the responsibility of the United Kingdom. An attempt in 1962 to introduce a partially elected legislative body with limited powers was abandoned after the opposition political party, Partai Rakyat Brunei, launched an armed uprising, which the government put dow In the late 1950s and early 1960s, the government also resisted pressures to join neighboring Sabah and Sarawak in the newly formed Malaysia. The Sultan eventually decided that Brunei would remain an independent state.
 * An attempt in 1962 to introduce a partially elected legislative body with limited powers was abandoned after the opposition political party, Partai Rakyat Brunei, launched an armed uprising, which the government put down with the help of British forces.
 * In 1967, Sultan Omar abdicated in favor of his eldest son, Hassanal Bolkiah, who became the 29th ruler. The former Sultan remained as Defense Minister and assumed the royal title Seri Begawan. In 1970, the national capital, Brunei Town, was renamed Bandar Seri Begawan in his honor. The Seri Begawan died in 1986.
 * On January 4, 1979, Brunei and the United Kingdom signed a new treaty of friendship and cooperation. On January 1, 1984, Brunei Darussalam became a fully independent state.